University of Minnesota
Computer Science & Engineering Help Pages
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Security

Viruses

The computer science department uses virus detection tools to protect computers, user accounts and email accounts. All clients and servers managed by systems staff are protected by anti-virus software that is kept up to date and patched at all times. If you have any questions or suspect your computer may be infected with a virus, send email to operator [at] cs.umn.edu immediately.

The Office of Information Technology (OIT) provides Symantec Client Security software to students, faculty, and staff of the University of Minnesota. There is no charge for this software as long as you agree to the terms of the license agreement. For more information, see the Symantec AntiVirus, Client Security, Endpoint Protection page.

Facts to keep in mind

  1. Always keep your computer patched and protected with anti-virus software. Virus definitions should be updated daily or at least weekly to maintain protection against the latest viruses.

    New viruses and security holes are found all the time. For more information about new viruses go to Symantec Security Response.

  2. Modern viruses almost never use the email address of the owner of the infected computer. Complaining to the sender of the virus will rarely solve the problem.

    Most modern viruses spoof the sender and attachment name to make the attachment appear valid. They search the address book of the infected computer for an email address the computer owner has had correspondence with, and use this address as the apparent sender to make the virus harder to trace. Some viruses will then copy a name from a random file on the computer to use as the name of the attachment. This can result in the virus sending itself in an attachment that appears to be related to a project, from a person who is known to be working on that project.

  3. Never open an email attachment unless you are expecting to receive that particular attachment from the sender. If you are not sure, call or email the sender to verify that the attachment is valid before opening it.
  4. When sending an attachment over email, include a text description of what you are sending and why you are sending it in the body of the email. You should also send a second separate email confirming that the attachment was sent. Doing this will prevent your recipient from mistaking the attachment for a virus.
  5. Never use a password on a website received in an email. This is a common form of password and identity theft. If you receive an email that directs you to a site that requests a password, go to the home page of the account to log in and navigate to the site requested from there. If you can't find the page, contact the account administrators.
  6. Never install an application that is sent through an email. This is a common way of spreading a virus or breaching the security of a personal computer.
  7. If you receive an email warning you of a virus infestation or asking you to delete a file on your computer to prevent the spread of a virus, check a virus threat list before taking any action. Many of these emails are hoaxes, which can be as bad as a virus.
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Spyware, Adware, and Malware

Most personal computers today have some form of adware, spyware, or malware installed. These third-party applications run in the background using processing power and bandwidth while generating advertisements, collecting information, and possibly creating security risks.

Definitions

Adware

Adware is software which displays advertisements while the application is running through pop-up windows or other means. Some adware is valid and is installed only with user consent, or is required for the free use of a program. In these cases it will be listed in the license agreement. However, when adware is installed without consent or collects unauthorized user data it becomes a form of spyware.

Spyware

Spyware is software that gathers user information from the machine on which it is installed, often transmitting it to an outside user or company. It is usually downloaded and installed along with other applications or media players, often without the user's approval or knowledge.

Some spyware tracks websites visited for advertisers or collects personal information from web forms. Others seek out email address for spam lists or credit card numbers, passwords, and other potentially harmful information.

Malware

Malware is any software used for illegal purposes, or to harm a user or computer. Viruses, worms, trojan horses, exploits, and the more malicious spyware are all a form of malware.

Cookies

Cookies are files that add functionality to web sites. They are often necessary to view sites properly, or to keep track of an online shopping cart. Some cookies track sites viewed for advertising companies, or keep track of personal information. Because of this, some people consider them spyware.

Most web browsers include the ability to manage and delete cookies, or restrict the cookies which are installed. More information about this should be available in your browser's help files.

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Removal and Prevention

Most spyware and adware is downloaded and installed with desirable freeware and media files. To prevent its installation:

  1. Avoid disreputable sites. Most users know these sites when they see them.
  2. Research shareware and freeware before installation. If an application comes bundled with adware or spyware, someone has noticed and said so. A google search for reviews should let you know what you are downloading.
  3. Always read the license agreement. Some applications require the use of adware or spyware in the license, or let you know how to turn it off.
  4. Never install on demand inside a web browser. If a site requires the use of a plug-in or media player to be viewed properly, find the correct player or plug-in at the web browser's home page instead.
  5. Use a removal tool.

    There are many spyware and adware removal tools available online. Some are free, some are shareware, and some must be purchased. Caution should be used when selecting a tool, because some forms of spyware misrepresent themselves as removal tools.

    These two are known to be reliable:

    • Ad-Aware is a popular application which removes spyware and adware from a computer. Ad-Aware Personal edition is available free to users for non-commercial use.
    • Spybot: Search and Destroy is another popular removal tool that is offered to users for free.
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More Information

Viruses

Spyware, Adware, Malware

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Contact: 1-213 Keller Hall, 200 Union St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455   Phone: (612) 625-0876   Email: operator@cs.umn.edu